Abstract Introduction: In high-volume trauma centers, especially in developing countries, penetrating cardiac box injuries are frequent. Although many aspects of penetrating chest injuries have been well established, video-assisted thoracoscopy is still finding its place in cardiac box trauma and algorithmic approaches are still lacking. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a streamlined recommendation for penetrating cardiac box injury in stable patients. Methods: Literature review was carried out using PubMed/MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases to identify articles describing the characteristics and concepts of penetrating cardiac box trauma, including the characteristics of tamponade, cardiac ultrasound, indications and techniques of pericardial windows and, especially, the role of video-assisted thoracoscopy in stable patients. Results: Penetrating cardiac box injuries, whether by stab or gunshot wounds, require rapid surgical consultation. Unstable patients require immediate open surgery, however, determining which stable patients should be taken to thoracoscopic surgery is still controversial. Here, the classification of penetrating cardiac box injury used in Colombia is detailed, as well as the algorithmic approach to these types of trauma. Conclusion: Although open surgery is mandatory in unstable patients with penetrating cardiac box injuries, a more conservative and minimally invasive approach may be undertaken in stable patients. As rapid decision-making is critical in the trauma bay, surgeons working in high-volume trauma centers should expose themselves to thoracoscopy and always consider this possibility in the setting of penetrating cardiac box injuries in stable patients, always in the context of an experienced trauma team. Introduction highvolume high volume countries frequent established videoassisted video assisted lacking Methods PubMedMEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE tamponade ultrasound Results wounds consultation however controversial Here detailed Conclusion decisionmaking decision making bay team

ABSTRACT Power transmission systems involve an essential relationship in the productive and social sectors of a country. The power transformers are one of the main components in the power systems; these systems allow exporting energy in high voltage over long distances. Failure of a power transformer can lead to a partial or total collapse of an electrical system. There are several procedures for maintenance and diagnosis of such equipment. In this paper, a critical review of eight of the main diagnostic techniques of power transformers is made, including its description and historical evolution, taking into account that currently, those methods can be applied online or those that probably will be applied.

RESUMEN Los sistemas de transmisión de energía eléctrica comprenden un enlace fundamental en el sector productivo y social de un país. Uno de los principales componentes de estos sistemas son los transformadores de potencia que permiten la exportación de energía en alta tensión a grandes distancias. La falla de un transformador de potencia puede conllevar el colapso parcial o total de un sistema eléctrico. Existen diversas técnicas para el mantenimiento y diagnóstico de dichos equipos. En este trabajo se realiza una revisión crítica de ocho de las principales técnicas de diagnóstico de transformadores de potencia incluyendo una descripción básica y evolución histórica, teniendo en cuenta que actualmente son aplicadas en línea o que tienen un alto potencial para llegar a serlo.

Introduction: simultaneous hernioplasty-abdominoplasty provoque favorable clinic-cosmetic results in patients with excess skin and adipose tissue in the lower abdomen. Objective: to evaluate the results of these surgical methods. Method: a prospective study of 16 operated patients with incisional hernia and pendulum abdomen was carried out in "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" University General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba, during 2015-2016. Results: There was a prevalence of the imphraumbilical hernia, 10-15 cm ring, dermolipectomy and Rives technique, as well as seroma as postoperative complication. The mean age was 40 years; antimicrobian and antithrombotic prophylaxis were carried out. The polypropylene prosthesis was used in 100% of the affected patients. Conclusion: eventroplasty and abdominoplasty are safe and effective methods in patients adequately selected

Introducción: la hernioplastia-abdominoplastia simultáneas producen resultados clínicos-estéticos favorables en pacientes con exceso de piel y tejido graso en abdomen inferior. Objetivo: evaluar los resultados de estos métodos quirúrgicos. Método: se efectuó un estudio prospectivo de 16 pacientes operadas de hernia incisional y abdomen péndulo en el Hospital General Universitario "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, durante el bienio 2015-2016. Resultados: predominaron la hernia infraumbilical, el anillo de 10-15 centímetros, las técnicas de dermolipectomía y Rives, así como el seroma como complicación posoperatoria. La edad media fue de 40 años; se realizó profilaxis antimicrobiana y antitrombótica. Se usó la prótesis de polipropileno en 100,0 % de las afectadas. Conclusión: la eventroplastia y abdominoplastia son métodos seguros y eficaces en pacientes adecuadamente seleccionados

El artículo se pregunta por la participación de los sectores populares en los festejos bogotanos del primer centenario de la Independencia colombiana. Desde un enfoque que puede definirse como de historia évènementielle o de corta duración, el objetivo es describir y analizar los acontecimientos que tuvieron lugar durante las 24 horas del día 20 de julio de 1910, con el fin de indagar sobre el modo como fueron incluidas las clases subalternas en la idea de nación que se quiso representar en aquella fecha tan cargada de significados para la historia colombiana. De ese modo, el texto no solo intenta rastrear la participación de las clases populares, sino que también busca verlas en interacción con el comportamiento que asumieron las élites y otros grupos sociales, es decir, con todos aquellos que estuvieron presentes en Bogotá para conmemorar los primeros cien años de vida republicana de Colombia.

The article inquires into the participation of the popular classes in the celebrations of the first centennial of Colombian Independence in Bogotá. On the basis of the histoire évènementielle or short-span approach, the objective is to describe and analyze the events that took place over the 24 hours of July 20, 1910, in order to examine how the subaltern classes were included in the idea of nation that was represented on that significant date for Colombian history. Thus, the article not only attempts to trace the participation of the popular classes, but also to observe the interaction of these classes with the behavior assumed by the elites and other social groups, that is, with all those who were in Bogotá for the commemoration of the first one hundred years of republican life in Colombia.